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Table 1 Demographic and clinical data (means ± standard deviation) for 101 patients and 63 controls providing biochemical data on the left and neuropsychological performance scores on the right.

From: Neuropsychological measures of attention and memory function in schizophrenia: relationships with symptom dimensions and serum monoamine activity

 

Demographic & Clinical Data

Neuropsychological Tasks & Performance

 

Schizophrenics

Controls

Task

Schizophrenics

Controls

Age (years)

33.6 (11.0)

32.8 (11.0)

Verbal fluency

28.6 (10.8)

35.0 (9.3)

Gender (m/f)

68 / 40

34 / 29

Mooney faces (hits)

9.8 (5.7)

8.6 (4.3)

Socio-economic group1

4.5 (1.9)

4.9 (1.6)

Picture completion

11.8 (2.5)

14.3 (2.5)

Education (years)

13.3 (3.8)

13.7 (3.3)

Block design

24.1 (9.5)

31.4 (7.7)

IQ (short APM)

6.9 (2.9)

9.9 (1.9)

Vis Reprod (VR)

31.1 (5.0)

38.0 (3.5)

Handedness (Edinburgh)

17.5 (8.5)

18.9 (5.3)

VR + delay

24.1 (9.1)

34.8 (6.0)

Onset-Age (years)

23.6 (8.4)

 

Prose Reprod (PR)

17.7 (6.9)

29.8 (6.7)

First admission (years)

25.1 (9.6)

 

PR + delay

13.1 (6.8)

26.3 (6.3)

Duration of illness (years)

9.5 (8.0)

 

Trails B-A (sec)

79 (56)

35 (20)

Episode duration (days)

44.0 (40.3)

 

Stroop Interfere (sec)

112 (38)

80 (20)

Diagnosis-

   paranoid

70

    

   disorganised

24

    

   catatonic/residual

7

    

Symptoms,

   PANSS positive

16.3 (6.0)

    

negative

18.6 (8.1)

    

general

36.8 (9.3)

    

   SAPS ideas/reference

3.2 (3.8)

    

thought disorder

8.4 (6.5)

    

Extrapyramidal symptoms

5.8 (5.6)

    

AIMS

8.4 (2.9)

    

Antipsychotic drug dose

   (CPZ: n = 99)2

665 (328)

    

   typical + risperidone

572 (n = 49, 63% male, incl. 53% of paranoid, 29% of nonparanoid groups)

   clozapine/olanzapine/sertindole

718 (n = 43, 67% male, incl. 33% of paranoid, 58% of nonparanoid groups)

   Both

678 (n = 15, 47% male, incl. 14% of paranoid, 13% of nonparanoid groups)

Biperidene(mg/day: n = 15)

4.2 (1.8)

    
  1. 1. Scale 1–7, [84]: AIMS, Abnormal involuntary movement scale (n = 68/108 and 41/72); APM, Advanced progressive matrices; 2. CPZ, chlorpromazine equivalents, excluding 2 patients without medication; Biperidene is an anticholinergic drug (n = 15/108 and 9/72); PANSS, Positive and negative syndrome scale; SAPS, scale for assessment of positive symptoms; all neuropsychological tasks showed a significant group difference (p < 0.01) on point scores (low for patients) or latency (high for patients) except the Mooney faces test.