Comparison of alterations in cerebral hemoglobin oxygenation in late life depression and Alzheimer’s disease as assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy

Table 1 Clinical data

	Controls	Depression	Alzheimer’s Disease	Statistics	*Post hoc* comparisons
	(n = 33)	(n = 30)	(n = 28)	Statistics	D vs AD	D vs HC	AD vs HC
Male:Female	11:22	9:21	10:18	χ2 = 0.22, df = 2, p = 0.90
Age (years)	69.6 ± 5.5	71.1 ± 6.8	76.6 ± 6.9	F = 9.66 p < 0.001	p = 0.005	p = 0.603	p < 0.001
MMSE score	29.2 ± 1.2	26.6 ± 2.3	21.6 ± 4.4	F = 52.7 p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p = 0.002	p < 0.001
FAB score	16.1 ± 1.2	14.1 ± 2.7	12.0 ± 3.2	F = 20.1 p < 0.001	p = 0.008	p = 0.005	p < 0.001
CDR score	0	0.05 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.4	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	p = 0.065	p < 0.001
HAMD score	0.2 ± 0.8	10.7 ± 8.9	4.4 ± 7.1	F = 20.3 p < 0.001	p = 0.001	p < 0.001	p = 0.037
VFT performance	41.3 ± 7.9	33.2 ± 12.2	33.9 ± 10.1	F = 6.19 p = 0.003	p = 0.963	p = 0.006	p = 0.015
Benton Judgment of Line Orientation performance	22.6 ± 6.6	12.5 ± 4.2	13.7 ± 8.5	F = 21.6 p < 0.001	p = 0.779	p < 0.001	p < 0.001

Continuous values are shown as the means ± standard deviation. Abbreviations: AD Alzheimer’s disease, CDR Clinical Dementia Rating, D depression, df degrees of freedom, FAB Frontal Assessment Battery, HAMD Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, HC healthy controls, MMSE Mini Mental State Examination, χ² Chi-squared value.

ISSN: 1744-9081