A comparative analysis of the distribution of immunoreactive orexin A and B in the brains of nocturnal and diurnal rodents

Nixon, Joshua P; Smale, Laura

doi:10.1186/1744-9081-3-28

Table 2 Orexin fiber distribution

From: A comparative analysis of the distribution of immunoreactive orexin A and B in the brains of nocturnal and diurnal rodents

Brain region	LE rat		Grass rat		Hamster		Degu
	A	B	A	B	A	B	A	B
Hypothalamus
Anterior hypothalamic area	++	++	+	+	+++	++	+++	+++
Anterodorsal preoptic nucleus	+	+	+	+	++	+	++	++
Anteroventral periventricular nucleus	++	+	+	-	++	++	++	++
Arcuate nucleus	+++	+++	+++	+	++	++	++	++
Circular nucleus	++	+	++	+	+++	+++	+++	+++
Dorsal hypothalamic area	++	++	++	++	++	++	++	++
Dorsomedial nucleus	+++	++	++	+	+++	++	+++	+++
Lateral hypothalamic area	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++	++	++
Lateral mammillary nucleus	+	+	+	+	+++	+++	+	+
Lateral preoptic area	+++	+	+	+	++	+	++	++
Lateroanterior nucleus	++	+	++	++	+++	+++	+++	+++
Magnocellular preoptic nucleus	+	+	+	+	++	++	++	++
Medial mammillary nucleus, lateral part	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+
Medial mammillary nucleus, medial part	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Medial mammillary nucleus, median part	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+
Medial preoptic area	++	+	+	+	++	++	++	++
Medial preoptic nucleus	++	+	++	++	++	+	++	++
Median preoptic nucleus	+++	+++	++	++	+++	+++	+++	+++
Parastrial nucleus	+++	++	++	++	+	+	+	+
Paraventricular nucleus, magnocellular	++++	++	++	+	++	++	++	++
Paraventricular nucleus, parvocellular	+++	++	+++	++	++	++	++	++
Perifornical nucleus	++++	+++	+++	++	+	+	+++	+++
Periventricular nucleus	+++	++	++	+	++	++	+++	+++
Posterior hypothalamic area	+++	+++	++	++	++	++	++	++
Posterodorsal preoptic nucleus	++	+	++	++	++	+	++	++
Preoptic nucleus, ventromedial	+++	+++	+++	++	++	++	+++	+++
Retrochiasmatic area	+++	++	++	++	+++	++	+++	+++
Subincertal nucleus	+++	+++	++	++	+	+	+	+
Submammillothalamic nucleus	++	+	++	++	+	+	++	++
Suprachiasmatic nucleus, anterior	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-
Suprachiasmatic nucleus, posterior	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+
Supramammillary nucleus	+++	++	++	+	++	++	+++	+++
Supraoptic nucleus	++++	+	++++	++	++	+	+	+
Supraoptic nucleus, retrochiasmatic	++++	++	+++	+	++	+	+++	+++
Tuberomammillary nucleus	++++	++++	+++	+++	++++	++++	++++	++++
Tuberum cinereum	++	++	+++	++	+	+	++	++
Ventrolateral preoptic area	+++	++	+	+	+++	++	+++	+++
Ventromedial nucleus	++	+	+	+	++	++	++++	++++
Ventromedial nucleus, anterior	+	+	+	+	++	+	++++	++++
Zona incerta, caudal	++	+	+	+	+	+	-	-
Zona incerta, rostral	++	+	+	+	++	++	+	+
Thalamus
Anterodorsal nucleus	+	+	++	++	+	+	+	+
Anteromedial nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Anteroventral nucleus	+	+	+	-	-	-	-	-
Central medial nucleus	++	++	+	+	+	-	++	+
Centrolateral nucleus	+	+	+	+	+	+	+++	+++
Dorsolateral geniculate nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Interanterodorsal nucleus	+	+	+	+	++	+	-	-
Interanteromedial nucleus	++	+	+	+	+	+	-	-
Intergeniculate leaflet	++	++	++	++	++	++	++	++
Intermediodorsal nucleus	++	++	+++	+++	++	++	+	+
Lateral posterior nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Laterodorsal thalamic nucleus	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-
Medial geniculate nucleus	-	-	+	+	-	-	-	-
Mediodorsal thalamic nucleus	+	+	+	+	++	+	++	++
Nucleus of the fields of Forel	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-
Paracentral nucleus	++	++	-	-	+	+	+++	+++
Parafascicular nucleus	+	+	+	+	+	-	-	-
Paratenial nucleus	-	-	++	+	+	+	+	+
Paraventricular nucleus	++++	++++	+++	+++	++++	++++	++++	++++
Posterior intralaminar nucleus	++	++	+	+	+	+	+	+
Posterior limitans	++	++	++	+	++	++	++	++
Posterior nuclear complex	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Reticular thalamic nucleus	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Reuniens nucleus	+	+	+	+	+	-	+	+
Rhomboid nucleus	++	++	-	-	++	++	-	-
Submedius nucleus	-	-	+	+	+	-	-	-
Subparafascicular nucleus	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Ventral anterior nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Ventral posteriolateral nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Ventral posteriomedial nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Ventrolateral geniculate nucleus	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Ventrolateral thalamic nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Ventromedial thalamic nucleus	++	+	-	-	-	-	-	-
Xiphoid nucleus	+++	++	+++	++	+++	+++	+	+
Epithalamus
Lateral habenular nucleus	++	+	-	-	+	+	+	+
Medial habenular nucleus	-	-	++	+	++	-	-	-
Stria medullaris	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-
Cerebral isocortex
Layer 1	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Layer 2	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Layer 3	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+
Layer 4	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+	-/+
Layer 5	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Layer 6	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Agranular insular cortex	++	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Cingulate and retrosplenial agranular cortex	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-
Frontal cortex	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Granular insular cortex	+	+	+	+	++	++	+	+
Occipital cortex	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+
Orbital cortex	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Parietal cortex	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Amygdala
Anterior amygdaloid area	+	+	+	+	++	++	++	++
Anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral cortical amygdaloid nuclei	++	++	++	++	+	+	++	++
Basolateral amygdaloid nucleus	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+
Basomedial amygdaloid nucleus	+	+	+	+	+	+	++	++
Bed nucleus of the stria terminalis*
Intraamygdaloid division	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Lateral division	++	++	++	+	N/A	N/A	+	+
Lateral division, dorsal (Rat), anterolateral (Hamster)	++	+	+	+	++	++	+	+
Lateral division, posterior (Rat), posterolateral (Hamster)	++	++	++	+	++	++	+	+
Lateral division, ventral (Rat), anteroventral (Hamster)	+++	+++	++	+	++	++	++	++
Medial division, anterior (Rat), anteromedial (Hamster)	++	++	++	++	++	++	++	++
Medial division, posterointermediate (Rat), posteromedial (Hamster)	+	+	++	+	++	++	++	++
Medial division, posterolateral (Rat), posterointermediate (Hamster)	+	+	++	+	++	++	++	++
Central amygdaloid nucleus	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-
Intercalated amygdaloid nucleus	++	+	+	-	++	++	++	++
Lateral amygdalohippocampal area	+	+	+	-	+	+	++	++
Lateral amygdaloid nucleus	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Medial amygdaloid nucleus	++	+	+	+	+++	+++	+	+
Nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract	+	+	+	+	++	++	+	+
Posteromedial amygdalohippocampal area	+	+	+	+	+	+	+++	+++
Hippocampus
CA1	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-
CA2	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-
CA3	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+
Dentate gyrus	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+
Tenia tecta	+	+	++	+	++	++	++	++
Entorhinal cortex	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+
Indusium griseum	++	++	+	+	++	++	-	-
Subiculum	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+
Olfactory
Anterior olfactory nuclei	++	++	++	++	++	++	+	+
Islands of Calleja	+	+	+	+	++	++	++	++
Olfactory bulb	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Olfactory tubercule	-	-	-	-	+	+	+	+
Piriform cortex	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Other Forebrain
Bed nucleus of the anterior commissure	+++	++	++	++	++	++	++	++
Claustrum	++	++	+	+	++	++	+	+
Dorsal endopiriform nucleus	++	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Septal nuclei
Lateral septal nucleus, dorsal part	++	++	++	+	++	+	+	+
Lateral septal nucleus, intermediate part	+	+	+	-	+	+	-	-
Lateral septal nucleus, ventral part	+	+	++	+	++	++	+	+
Medial septal nucleus	++	++	+	+	+++	+++	++	++
Nucleus of the horizontal limb of the diagonal band of Broca	+++	++	+	+	++	++	++	++
Nucleus of the vertical limb of the diagonal band of Broca	+++	+	+	+	+++	++	++	++
Septofimbrial nucleus	+	+	+	+	++	++	+	+
Septohippocampal nucleus	++	+	+	+	+++	+++	++	++
Triangular septal nucleus	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-
Basal ganglia
Accumbens nucleus, core	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-
Accumbens nucleus, shell	+	+	++	+	-	-	+	+
Accumbens shell, lateral	+	+	+	+	+	+	-	-
Caudate putamen	-	-	-	-	+	+	-	-
Dorsal peduncular pontine nucleus	++	+	++	++	+	+	+	+
Globus pallidus, lateral	+	+	+	+	-	-	-	-
Globus pallidus, medial	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus	++	++	++	+	++	++	++	++
Peripeduncular nucleus	+	+	+	+	++	++	+	+
Substantia innominata	++	++	+	+	++	++	++	++
Substantia nigra, compact part	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Substantia nigra, lateral part	++	++	+	+	++	++	+	+
Substantia nigra, reticular part	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Subthalamic nucleus	+	+	+	+	++	++	-	-
Ventral pallidum	++	++	+	+	+	+	+	+
Ventral tegmental area	++	+	++	+	++	++	++	++
Ventral tegmental nucleus	++	+	-	-	+	+	+	+
Brainstem reticular nuclei
B9 serotoin cells	++	++	+	+	++	++	-	-
Cuneiform nucleus	++	++	++	+	++	++	+	+
Deep mesencephalic nucleus	++	++	+	+	++	+	+	+
Dorsal paragigantocellular nucleus	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+
Gigantocellular reticular nucleus	++	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Gigantocellular reticular nucleus, ventral part	++	+	++	+	++	++	++	++
Gigantocellular reticular nucleus, α part	++	++	++	+	++	++	++	++
Intermediate reticular nucleus	+++	+	-	-	++	+	+	+
Lateral paragigantocellular nucleus	+++	++	+	+	++	++	+++	+++
Lateral reticular nucleus	++	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Medullary reticular nuclei, dorsal part	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Medullary reticular nuclei, ventral part	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Paramedian reticular nucleus	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+
Parvocellular reticular nucleus	++	++	+	+	++	+	+	+
Pontine reticular nucleus, caudal part	+	+	+	-	+	+	+	+
Pontine reticular nucleus, oral part	++	+	+	+	+	+	-	-
Pontine reticular nucleus, ventral part	-	-	+	+	++	++	+	+
Reticulotegmental nucleus of the pons	+++	++	++	++	+	+	+	+
Subcoeruleus nucleus, dorsal part	++	++	+	+	++	++	++	++
Subcoeruleus nucleus, ventral part	++	++	+	-	++	++	+	+
Subcoeruleus nucleus, á part	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	+++
Sensory, somatic and motor nuclei
Abducens nucleus (VI)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Ambiguus nucleus	++++	+++	+++	++	++	+	++	++
Barrington's nucleus	++++	+++	+++	+++	++++	++++	+++	+++
Dorsal motor nucleus of vagus (X)	+	+	+	+	++	+	+	+
Facial nucleus (VII)	++	+	++	+	+	+	++	++
Gracile nucleus	-	-	-	-	++	+	+	+
Hypoglossal nucleus (XII)	+	+	+	-	-	-	+	+
Kölliker-Fuse nucleus	+++	++	++	++	+++	+++	+++	+++
Lateral parabrachial nucleus	+++	+++	++	++	++	++	++	++
Medial parabrachial nucleus	+++	++	+	+	++	+	++	++
Nucleus of the solitary tract
Central	++	++	+	+	+	+	++	++
Dorsal	++++	+++	++++	++++	++++	++++	+++	+++
Medial	+	+	+++	++	+++	+++	+++	+++
Ventrolateral	+++	++	+	+	++	++	++	++
Oculomotor nucleus (III)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Trigeminal motor nucleus (V)	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+
Trigeminal principal sensory nucleus (V)	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Trigeminal spinal nucleus, caudal part	+	+	++	++	+	+	++	++
Trigeminal spinal nucleus, interpolar part	-	-	+	+	+	+	+	+
Trigeminal spinal nucleus, oral part	-	-	+	+	+	+	++	++
Trochlear motor nucleus (IV)	+	+	-	-	+	+	-	-
Raphé nuclei
Dorsal raphé nucleus	++++	++++	+++	+++	++++	++++	++++	++++
Linear nucleus of the raphé	+++	+++	++	+	+++	++	++	++
Median raphé nucleus	++++	++	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++	+++
Pontine raphé nucleus	+++	+++	++	++	+++	++	+++	+++
Raphé magnus nucleus	+++	++	++	++	++	++	++	++
Raphé obscurus nucleus	+++	++	++	+	+++	+++	+++	+++
Raphé pallidus nucleus	+++	++	++	+	++	++	+	+
Rhabdoid nucleus	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Periaqueductal gray
Dorsolateral periaqueductal gray	++	++	+	+	++	++	+	+
Dorsomedial periaqueductal gray	+++	+++	++	++	+++	+++	++	++
Lateral periaqueductal gray	+++	+++	++	++	++	++	++	++
Thalamic periaqueductal gray	++	++	+	+	+++	++	++	++
Ventrolateral periaqueductal gray	+++	++	+++	++	+++	++	+++	+++
Other midbrain
Dorsolateral pontine nucleus	+	+	++	++	-	-	+	+
Inferior colliculus	+	+	-	-	++	+	++	++
Interpeduncular nucleus	+	+	++	+	++	++	-	-
Pretectal nuclei
Anterior pretectal nucleus	+	+	+	+	-	-	+	+
Medial pretectal nucleus	++	++	++	+	++	++	++	++
Posterior pretectal nucleus	++	+	+	+	-	-	++	++
Red nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
Superior colliculus	+	+	-	-	-	-	+	+
Tegmental nuclei
Anterior tegmental nucleus	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+
Dorsal tegmental nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus	++	++	++	++	++	++	+++	+++
Cerebellum
Cerebellar cortex	-	-	-	-	-	-	++	+
Interposed, lateral, and medial cerebellar nuclei	+	+	+	+	-	-	++	++
Other hindbrain
Central tegmental tract	++	++	+	+	++	+	+	+
Cochlear nuclei
Dorsal cochlear nucleus	+	+	-	-	+	+	+	+
Ventral cochlear nucleus	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Inferior olive	++	+	+++	++	-	-	-	-
Lateral lemniscus	+	+	-	-	+	-	-	-
Locus coeruleus	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	++++	+++	+++
Nucleus of Darkschewitsch	-	-	++	+	-	-	+	+
Parabigeminal nucleus	+	+	+	+	++	++	+++	++
Prepositus nucleus	++	+	-	-	+	+	++	++
Superior olivary nuclei
Nucleus of the trapezoid body	++	+	+	+	-	-	+	+
Superior olive	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Trapezoid body	-	-	+	+	+	+	-	-
Vestibular nuclei	+	+	+	+	+	-	++	+
Circumventricular and non-neuronal
Area postrema	-	-	-	-	-	-	++	++
Choroid plexus	+	+	+	+	+	+	+	+
Ependyma	+	+	++	+	+	+	+	+
Median eminence	++++	+	++++	+	++	++	++	++
Subcommisural organ	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Subfornical organ	+	+	+	-	-	-	++	+

Distribution of orexin A and B fibers in the Long-Evans rat, grass rat, Syrian hamster, and degu. The relative densities of OXA- or OXB-containing fibers are indicated in each column as very dense (indicated by ++++), dense (+++), moderately dense (++), sparse (+), or absent (-). Unmarked rows indicate areas for which no data are available.

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