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Table 5 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of the prevalence of decrease in intrinsic academic motivation in junior high school students

From: Relationship between cognitive function and prevalence of decrease in intrinsic academic motivation in adolescents

 

OR (95% CI)

 

Crude

Multiple-Adjusted*

Grade

  

7th grade

Reference (1.00)

 

8th grade

1.03 (0.42 - 2.50)

 

9th grade

0.51 (0.22 - 1.18)

 

p for trend

0.212

 

Female gender

0.84 (0.42 - 1.71)

 

List learning test

  

Tertile 1 (≥35)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (32 - 34)

2.90 (1.20 - 6.97)

2.77 (1.12 - 6.82)

Tertile 3 (≤31)

2.45 (0.95 - 6.35)

2.34 (0.89 - 6.13)

p for trend

0.048

0.072

List recall test

  

Tertile 1 (≥10)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (9)

0.56 (0.22 - 1.47)

0.55 (0.2 - 1.46)

Tertile 3 (≤8)

1.76 (0.77 - 4.05)

1.78 (0.76 - 4.17)

p for trend

0.086

0.078

Digit span forward test

  

Tertile 1 (≥7)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (6)

3.41 (1.42 - 8.15)

3.41 (1.39 - 8.33)

Tertile 3 (≤5)

5.55 (2.10 - 14.69)

5.10 (1.88 - 13.86)

p for trend

0.001

0.003

Symbol digit modalities test

  

Tertile 1 (≥62)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (54 - 61)

0.90 (0.35 - 2.32)

0.87 (0.33 - 2.25)

Tertile 3 (≤53)

2.11 (0.88 - 5.08)

2.04 (0.83 - 5.01)

p for trend

0.129

0.150

Semantic fluency test

  

Tertile 1 (≥13)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (10 - 12)

1.50 (0.59 - 3.78)

1.27 (0.49 - 3.31)

Tertile 3 (≤9)

2.01 (0.85 - 4.72)

1.80 (0.68 - 4.72)

p for trend

0.281

0.489

Figure copying test

  

Tertile 1 (≥20)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (17 - 19)

0.99 (0.41 - 2.38)

1.11 (0.44 - 2.77)

Tertile 3 (≤16)

1.57 (0.63 - 3.93)

2.01 (0.72 - 5.57)

p for trend

0.494

0.324

Kana pick-out test

  

   Kana pick-out number

  

Tertile 1 (≥43)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (34 - 42)

1.37 (0.58 - 3.26)

1.23 (0.50 - 2.98)

Tertile 3 (≤33)

1.22 (0.52 - 2.87)

0.95 (0.36 - 2.50)

p for trend

0.768

0.843

   Kana omission number

  

Tertile 1 (≤3)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (4 - 7)

1.58 (0.65 - 3.85)

1.72 (0.70 - 4.27)

Tertile 3 (≥8)

1.91 (0.78 - 4.72)

1.86 (0.75 - 4.65)

p for trend

0.358

0.359

   Kana pick-out score

  

Tertile 1 (≥36)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (28 - 35)

1.34 (0.56 - 3.22)

1.29 (0.52 - 3.16)

Tertile 3 (≤27)

1.83 (0.76 - 4.39)

1.67 (0.63 - 4.45)

p for trend

0.401

0.587

   Score for comprehension of the story

  

Tertile 1 (≥6)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (4 - 5)

2.81 (1.14 - 6.96)

2.95 (1.17 - 7.46)

Tertile 3 (≤3)

4.47 (1.73 - 11.56)

4.95 (1.82 - 13.43)

p for trend

0.007

0.006

Modified advanced trail making test

  

   RT on task A

  

Tertile 1 (<31.2)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (31.2 - 36.2)

1.76 (0.71 - 4.38)

2.01 (0.77 - 5.25)

Tertile 3 (≥36.3)

2.52 (1.05 - 6.07)

2.44 (0.98 - 6.09)

p for trend

0.118

0.144

   RT on task B

  

Tertile 1 (<45.0)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (45.0 - 54.7)

1.12 (0.48 - 2.62)

1.13 (0.47 - 2.74)

Tertile 3 (≥54.8)

1.39 (0.59 - 3.29)

1.23 (0.50 - 3.02)

p for trend

0.748

0.898

   RT on task C

  

Tertile 1 (<64.8)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (64.8 - 78.9)

0.91 (0.39 - 2.15)

0.92 (0.38 - 2.23)

Tertile 3 (≥79.0)

1.56 (0.66 - 3.71)

1.42 (0.59 - 3.42)

p for trend

0.440

0.615

   RT on task D

  

Tertile 1 (<11.0)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (11.0 - 12.8)

1.87 (0.76 - 4.62)

1.91 (0.76 - 4.79)

Tertile 3 (≥12.9)

2.41 (1.00 - 5.82)

2.52 (1.02 - 6.20)

p for trend

0.141

0.127

   RT on task E

  

Tertile 1 (<47.1)

Reference (1.00)

Reference (1.00)

Tertile 2 (47.1 - 57.7)

1.39 (0.58 - 3.31)

1.39 (0.56 - 3.40)

Tertile 3 (≥57.8)

1.97 (0.82 - 4.75)

1.89 (0.76 - 4.65)

p for trend

0.316

0.388

  1. * Adjusted for grade and gender. RT, reaction time; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.
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Behavioral and Brain Functions

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