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Table 2 Numerical and analogous linguistic tasks: asemantic vs. semantic processing containing different types of material

From: Patterns of linguistic and numerical performance in aphasia

P

Cognitive functions

NUMBERS VS. LETTERS

TG

AS

Visual analysis (1)

identifying digits vs. letters in “hidden objects” task

I

Automatized sequences (2) 1

successor of number words vs. letters

Phonological working memory (3)

forward and backwards for number words vs. letters

 

NUMBERS VS. WORDS

 

Visual analysis (4)

visual matching of dot patterns vs. pseudowords

II

visual matching of Arabic digits vs. pseudowords

Automatized sequences (5) 1

successor of number words vs. months

Repetition (6) 1

number words vs. shape adjectives

Reading (7) 1

Arabic digits vs. number words

number words vs. words

Morpho-lexical knowledge (8)

grammatical number vs. grammatical gender2

S

Semantic classification (9)

parity of number words vs. biological gender of living creatures

III

Semantic comparison (10)

Arabic digits3 vs. number words with standard „7“

number words (standard “7”) vs. animals with standard “dog/boxer“

Arabic digits3 (standard “7”) vs. animals (standard “dog/boxer“)

Fact retrieval (11)

arithmetic vs. semantic facts

arithmetic vs. phonological facts

  1. Note. Tasks tapping different cognitive functions assigned to asemantic (AS) vs. semantic (S) processing (P) and separated into different types of material being compared (numerals vs. letters, numerals vs. words); correspondingly tasks are grouped into three task groups (TG): I, II, and III. 1Tasks not administered to healthy control participants due to expected ceiling effects; 2control group: n = 25 (one healthy control participant had to be excluded due to misunderstanding task instructions); 3patient group: n = 33 (due to later inclusion of Arabic digits comparison).