Table 1 Demographic data
Tat C31S polymorphism (TatCS) n = 24 (72.7 %) | Dicysteine motif (TatCC) n = 9 (27.3 %) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (months) mean ± SD* | 20.2 ± 8.0 | 17.1 ± 7.1 | 0.261 t-test |
Gender (% male) | 45.8 | 44.4 | >0.999 Fisher’s exact |
Maternal age (years) mean ± SD | 27.6 ± 4.8 | 26.7 ± 4.7 | 0.622 t-test, unequal |
Log plasma viral load (copies/mL) mean ± SD | 5.7 ± 0.6 | 6.4 ± 0.5 | 0.008 t-test, unequal |
Log CSF viral load (copies/mL) mean ± SD | 3.8 ± 1.0 | 4.3 ± 0.5 | 0.139 t-test |
Viral load ratio (CSF:plasma) mean ± SD | 0.04 ± 0.10 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.401 t-test |
Maternal ARTa use (% on ART) | 19.1 | 0.0 | 0.552 Fisher’s exact |
PMTCTb (% that received sdNVP) | 30.0 | 77.8 | 0.041 Fisher’s exact |
Breastfeeding at enrollment (%) | 30.4 | 25.0 | >0.999 Fisher’s exact |
Breastfed for >6months (%) | 60.9 | 83.3 | 0.633 Fisher’s exact |
Neurodevelopmental scores (z-scores) | t-test, unequal | ||
Fine motor | −1.9 ± 1.1 | −2.4 ± 1.4 | 0.361 |
Gross motor | −4.0 ± 1.7 | −3.9 ± 1.3 | 0.783 |
Cognitive | −1.9 ± 1.1 | −1.5 ± 0.8 | 0.199 |
Expressive communication | −1.9 ± 1.2 | −1.9 ± 0.9 | 0.869 |
Receptive communication | −1.4 ± 0.9 | −1.3 ± 0.7 | 0.916 |