Table 1 Characteristics, smoking behaviors and distribution of genotypes by smoking status
Characteristics | Current smokers (n = 138) | Ex-smokers (n = 146) | P valuec |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) a | 56.4 ± 14.8 | 68.5 ± 8.3 | <0.05 |
Education b | |||
< 9 years | 49 (35.5) | 51 (34.9) | 0.92 |
≥ 9 years | 89 (64.5) | 95 (65.1) | |
Disease history b | |||
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases | 81 (58.7) | 91 (62.3) | 0.15 |
Respiratory diseases | 38 (27.5) | 45 (30.8) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 19 (13.8) | 10 (6.8) | |
Smoking behaviors a | |||
Age of smoking initiation (years) | 23.6 ± 8.0 | 28.3 ± 10.8 | <0.05 |
Daily cigarette consumption (per day) | 22.3 ± 11.9 | 19.9 ± 9.9 | 0.06 |
Smoking years (years) | 32.9 ± 14.3 | 31.7 ± 12.3 | 0.46 |
Genotype b | |||
rs1799971 d | |||
AA | 64 (46.7) | 72 (49.3) | 0.54 |
AG | 62 (45.3) | 58 (39.7) | |
GG | 11 (8.0) | 16 (11.0) | |
rs1045280 | |||
CC | 2 (1.4) | 2 (1.4) | 0.99 |
CT | 39 (28.3) | 41 (28.1) | |
TT | 97 (70.3) | 103 (70.5) | |
rs2036657 | |||
AA | 98 (71.0) | 103 (70.5) | 0.93 |
AG | 38 (27.5) | 40 (27.4) | |
GG | 2 (1.4) | 3 (2.1) | |
rs3786047 d | |||
AA | 1 (0.7) | 2 (1.4) | 0.87 |
AG | 38 (27.5) | 41 (28.1) | |
GG | 98 (71.0) | 103 (70.5) | |
rs3852209 | |||
CC | 79 (57.2) | 99 (67.8) | 0.11 |
CT | 53 (38.4) | 39 (26.7) | |
TT | 6 (4.3) | 8 (5.5) | |
rs2278060 | |||
AA | 77 (55.8) | 94 (64.4) | 0.28 |
AC | 54 (39.1) | 44 (30.1) | |
CC | 7 (5.1) | 8 (5.5) |