Table 1 Characteristics of schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, and major depressive disorder patients who died by suicide and those who did not

N = 82

N = 164

N = 23

N = 46

N = 67

N = 134

Age at laboratory tests (years), mean ± SD

31.1 ± 9.1

31.5 ± 8.6

0.699^a

36.5 ± 11.6

35.9 ± 10.0

0.830^a

52.6 ± 15.2

54.1 ± 15.2

0.519^a

Age at first admission (years)

29.1 ± 9.3

29.3 ± 8.9

0.859^a

34.0 ± 11.6

32.7 ± 10.4

0.620^a

51.6 ± 15.1

53.2 ± 14.8

0.494^a

Number of admissions, mean ± SD

2.2 ± 2.3

2.4 ± 2.5

0.638^a

2.5 ± 1.8

2.5 ± 2.1

>0.99^a

1.6 ± 1.3

1.6 ± 1.0

0.895^a

Body mass index (kg/m²), mean ± SD

22.1 ± 3.7

23.1 ± 4.1

0.086^a

23.8 ± 3.6

23.9 ± 3.0

0.93^a

22.8 ± 3.2

22.9 ± 3.5

0.894^a

Sex, male, n (%)

42(51)

80(49)

0.787^b

14(61)

29(63)

>0.99^b

30(45)

56(42)

0.763^b

Socio-economic status, n (%)

0.479^b

0.457^b

0.259^b

High

19(27)

33(21)

3(14)

12(27)

13(24)

39(31)

Middle

32(45)

84(53)

12(55)

22(50)

28(51)

66(53)

Low

20(28)

41(26)

7(32)

10(23)

14(25)

20(16)

Use of atypical antipsychotics, n (%)

16 (19.5)

43 (26.2)

0.245^b

4 (17.4)

11 (23.9)

0.536^b

4 (6.0)

7 (5.2)

0.826^b

Comorbid medical disease

None

75(91.5)

155(94.5)

0.361^b

17(73.9)

40(87.0)

0.178^b

47(70.1)

81(60.4)

0.178^b

Endocrine disease

2(2.4)

1 (0.6)

0

0

4(6.0)

13(9.7)

Cardiovascular disease

0

1(0.6)

2(8.7)

2(3.3)

12(17.9)

22(16.4)

Liver disease

0

3(1.8)

1(4.3)

0

0

3(2.2)

Neurological disease

3(3.7)

1(0.6)

2(8.7)

1(2.2)

3(4.5)

3(2.2)

Cancer

0

0

0

0

0

3(2.2)

Others^c

2(2.4)

3(1.8)

1(4.3)

3(6.5)

1(1.5)

9(6.7)