Fig. 6

a Numbers of neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex, which were counted under a light microscope (×400). Each volume represents mean ± SEM from nine visual fields of three independent samples (n = 3). ^## P < 0.01, vs. sham control. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, vs. composited Aβ-treated. b Subcellular structure of hippocampal neurons assessed by electron microscopic observation. A Sham-operated group ×12,000, scale bar 4 µm; B Composited Aβ-treated group; showing mitochondrial swelling, cristae fragmentation, and increased electron density (▲), rough endoplasmic reticulum dilation (_*), polyribosome and polymicrotubule depolymerization, secondary lysosome (↑) production, a large number of lipofuscin (→) deposits in the cytoplasm, rough and curved nuclear membranes, condensed and denatured euchromatin (★), loose or attenuated myelin sheath layers, internal axon and fiber degeneration, and almost normal golgiosomes. ×10,000, scale bar 5 µm; C SBF 140 mg/kg group, ×12,000, scale bar 4 µm