Fig. 3

Behaviors of the open-field test at different time. The values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 10/group). Compared with control group “*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01”. Compared with 0 mg venlafaxine group “^# p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01”. Compared with 10 mg venlafaxine group “^& p < 0.05, ^&& p < 0.01”. a Distance of horizontal motion; b rearing times. On day 22, there were significant differences among the control group and three treated groups in distance of horizontal motion, and rearing times (all p < 0.01). On day 29, there was still significant difference between the 0 mg venlafaxine and control group (p < 0.01). On day 36, there was still significant difference between the 0 mg venlafaxine and 10 mg venlafaxine group (p < 0.01). On day 43, the distance of horizontal motion and number of vertical motion was higher in the 10 mg venlafaxine compared with the 5 mg venlafaxine group (p < 0.01)